The blockchain trilemma highlights the challenge that blockchains face in balancing scalability, security, and decentralization. As scalability becomes increasingly crucial, here are the top 10 Layer 1 (L1) blockchains that excel in network throughput, a key metric for handling high transaction volumes.
- Sui (SUI): Leading the pack with the highest throughput, Sui boasts a staggering peak of 297,000 transactions per second (TPS). Its parallel transaction execution and scalable validator network set a new standard in speed and efficiency.
- The Open Network (TON): Originally part of Telegram, TON is designed for massive scalability. It achieves up to 104,715 TPS through sharding, which divides the network into smaller, manageable pieces.
- MultiversX (EGLD): Utilizing sharding to parallelize data processing, MultiversX handles 30,000 TPS, making it one of the most scalable blockchains.
- Sei (SEI): Sei integrates features from both Solana and Ethereum, enabling parallel transaction processing and a peak of 28,300 TPS in its v2 upgrade.
- EOS Network (EOS): Known for its horizontal scaling through sidechains, EOS can manage over 10,000 TPS thanks to its Antelope protocol.
- Aptos (APT): With its parallel transaction execution, Aptos supports up to 7,480 TPS, offering low latency and high throughput.
- Hedera (HBAR): Although more centralized, Hedera’s hashgraph technology enables it to achieve up to 3,287 TPS, constrained only by bandwidth.
- Kaspa (KAS): Kaspa employs a block DAG structure, processing blocks in parallel with up to 3,000 TPS on its testnet.
- Fantom (FTM): Using a combination of aBFT consensus and DAG, Fantom can handle around 2,000 TPS, bolstered by its Sonic network upgrade.
- Solana (SOL): Known for its proof-of-history (PoH) mechanism, Solana reaches 7,229 TPS, making it highly efficient for parallel transaction verification.
These blockchains represent innovative approaches to overcoming scalability challenges, pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in blockchain technology. Each one offers unique features that contribute to its impressive performance, making them standouts in a crowded field.
